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3.连接性(coherence)
连接性包含意连和形连两个方面,前者指的是内在的逻辑性,后者指的是运用转化词语。当然这两者常常是不可分割的。只要形连而没有意连,语句之间就
没有内在的有机的联络;反之,只要意连而没有形连,有时行文就不行流通。
1)意连
阶段中语句的摆放应遵从必定的次第,不能想到什么就写什么。假如在下笔之前没有构思,边写边想,写写停停,那就写不出一气呵成的好文章来。下面辛
达雅思代报小编介绍几种常见的排列方式。
A.按时刻先后摆放(chronological arrangement)
We had a number of close calls that day. When we rose, it was obviously late and we had to hurry so as not to miss breakfast; we knew the
dining room staff was strict about closing at nine o'clock. Then, when we had been driving in the desert for nearly two hours ----- it must have
been close to noon ---- the heat nearly hid us in; the radiator boiled over and we had to use most of our drinking water to cool it down. By the
time we reached the mountain, it was four o'clock and we were exhausted. Here, judgement ran out of us and we started the tough climb to the
summit, not realizing that darkness came suddenly in the desert. Sure enough, by six we were struggling and Andrew very nearly went down a
steep cliff, dragging Mohammed and me along with him. By nine, when the wind howled across the flat ledge of the summit, we knew as we
shivered together for warmth that it had not been our lucky day.
本段从"rose"(起床)写起,然后是吃早餐("not to miss breakfast", "closing at nine o'clock"),然后是"close to noon",一直写到这一天结束("By nine--
")。
B.按方位远近摆放(spatial arrangement)。例如:From a distance, it looked like a skinny tube, but as we got closer, we could see it flesh out
before our eyes. It was tubular, all right, but fatter than we could see from far away. Furthermore, we were also astonished to notice that the
building was really in two parts: a pagoda sitting on top of a tubular one-story structure. Standing ten feet away, we could marvel at how much of
the pagoda was made up of glass windows. Almost everything under the wonderful Chinese roof was made of glass, unlike the tube that it was
sitting on, which only had four. Inside, the tube was gloomy, because of the lack of light. Then a steep, narrow staircase took us up inside the
pagoda and the light changed dramatically. All those windows let in a flood of sunshine and we could see out for miles across the flat land.
本段的写法是由远及近,从远处("from a distance")写起,然后"get closer",再到(" ten feet away"),最终是"inside the pagoda"……当然,按方位远近
来写不等于都是由远及近。根据需要,也能够由近及远,由表及里等等。
C.按逻辑关系摆放(logical arrangement)
a.按重要性顺序摆放(arrangement insgroupsof importance)
If you work as a soda jerker, you will, of course, not need much skill in expressing yourself to be effective. If you work on a machine, your
ability to express yourself will be of little importance. But as soon as you move one step up from the bottom, your effectiveness depends on your
ability to reach others through the spoken or the written word. And the further away your job is from manual work, the larger the organization of
which you are an employee, the more important it will be that you know how to convey your thoughts in writing or speaking. In the very large
business organization, whether it is the government, the large corporation, or the Army, this ability to express oneself is perhaps the most
important of all the skills a man can possess.
这一段谈的是表达能力,它的重要性与工作,身份有关,从"not need much skill"或"of little importance"到"more important",最终是"most
important"。
b.由一般到特别摆放(general-to-specific arrangement)
If a reader is lost, it is generally because the writer has not been careful enough to keep him on the path. This carelessness can take any
number of forms. Perhaps a sentence is so excessively cluttered that the reader, hacking his way through the verbiage, simply doesn't know what
it means. Perhaps a sentence has been so shoddily constructed that the reader could read it in any of several ways. Perhaps the writer has
switched tenses, or has switched pronouns in mid-sentence, so the reader loses track of when the action took place or who is talking. Perhaps
sentence B is not logical sequel to sentence A ---- the writer, in whose head the connection is clear, has not bothered to provide the missing link.
Perhaps the writer has used an important word incorrectly by not taking the trouble to look it up. He may think that "sanguine" and "sanguinary"
mean the same thing, but the difference is a bloody big one. The reader can only infer what the writer is trying to imply.
这一段谈的是a writer's carelessness,先给出一个general statement作为主题句,然后通过5个"perhaps"加以例证。
小编找到的是作者的一些见解,希望可以为考生们寻找到最好得分方式,也希望对大家有所帮助。最后,希望广大考生们在备考过程中提升自己的语言水平,取得更好的成绩。
有需要代报考位的同学们,可以直接联系我们,辛达雅思代报竭诚为您服务。(*^__^*)
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