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切割结构是一种修辞手段，在英语语句中，特别是在书面语中，比较常见。切割结构就是指把英语语句中本来归于一个全体的语句成分切割开，一部分留在语句的本来方位，另一部分远离本来方位。今日跟随辛达雅思代报小编一同看看：

　　如：The best books are treasuries of good words,the golden thoughts,which,remembered and cherished,become our constant companions and comforters.不难看出which become our constant companions and comforters原本是一个全体，被用作状语的过去分词remembered and cherished切割开。常见的切割结构方式有同位语或同位语从句与先行词的切割，定语或and定语从句与先行词的切割，主语与谓语的切割，谓语与宾语的切割。运用切割结构的目的是使语句结构平衡，防止头重脚轻，或者为了使表达的主题思想愈加杰出夺目，读起来更通畅流通。切割结构的存在说明了英语在结构方式和表达办法上的生动性和灵活性，但也形成了语句结构的扑朔迷离。对于切割结构，只有从结构上和语意上弄清它才干防止了解上的过错，英译汉时要把本来归于一个全体部分的意义译出。

　　如：An unusual present was given to him for his birthday,a book on ethics.过生日的时候他得到了一件不寻常的礼物——一本关于伦理道德的书。(present和a book被分隔)

　　再如：After Galileo's work the feeling grew that there were universal laws governing the motion of bodies and that these laws might apply to motion in the heavens as well as on earth.在伽利略作品之后，这样的知道加强了，即认为存在着支配物体运动的普遍规律，这些规律不只支配着地球上的也支配着天体上的物体的运动。(the feeling和that从句被分隔)

　　此外，还有定语(或定语从句)与其间心词被分隔，某些词语与其所要求的介词被分隔，动词与其宾语被分隔，介词与其宾语被分隔等。总之，英语的分隔应遵从尾重准则(应当把长而复杂的成分放在句末，然后使结构平衡匀称，以防止主语部分太长，谓语部分太短)和句尾信息焦点准则(把新信息，即语义关键放在语句末尾)。阅览时要注意把本来归于一个全体的各部分找出来。

　　1. Such a viewpoint,particularly prominent in the developing countries,is reinforced by the widely-held belief that it is not the peaceful application of nuclear energy that is endangering the survival of mankind.

　　第一层：Such a viewpoint,主particularly prominent in the developing定 countries,is系 reinforced表 by the widely-held belief状 that it is not the peaceful application of nuclear energy that is end-同位语从句angering the survival of mankind.

　　第二层：(同位语从句)that引 it形主is not系 the peaceful application强调主语of nuclear energy定 that引 is endangering谓 the survival宾 of mankind.定

　　关键本句骨干为Such a viewpoint…… is reinforced by the widely-held belief;形容词短语particularly prominent in the developing countries，作为插入语润饰viewpoint，将主语和谓语分隔开来;介词短语by the widely-held belief是被动语态reinforced的行为主体;that it is……mankind是belief的同位语从句，这里还含有一个强调句式，即it is not the peaceful application……that is endangering……。

　　译文这种在发展中国家显得尤为杰出的观点被一种广泛持有的信仰所加强，即并非和平利用核能正危害着人类的生存。

　　2. No girl should marry a man whose last name has the same initial as hers,for,as the rhyme goes,Change the name but not the letter,marry for worse instead of better.

　　第一层：No girl主 should marry谓 a man宾 whose last name has the same initial as hers,定语从句for,as the rhyme goes,Change状语从句the name but not the letter,marry for worse instead of better.

　　第二层：(定语从句)whose引 last name主 has谓 the same initial宾 as hers定

　　(状语从句)for,引as the rhyme goes,状Change谓 the name宾 but连 not the letter,宾marry谓 for worse instead of better.状

　　关键这是个主从复合句。for是连接词，引导状语从句。as the rhyme goes是插入语，插在for和它引导的从句之间，形成for和它引导的从句的别离，翻译时，可译成一个主谓结构。

　　译文姑娘不应嫁给与自己的姓的首字母相同的人，由于正如一首童谣所说：改姓不改首字母，婚后必将受其苦。

　　3. Nor,if regularity and conformity to a standard pattern are as desirable to the scientist as the writing of his papers would appear to reflect,is management to be blamed for discriminating against the odd balls among researchers in favor of more conventional thinkers who work well with the team.

　　关键否定词nor放在句首时，主谓倒装。is放到了主语management前。一起，if引导的条件状语从句置于nor与语句的其他成分之间，形成了语句的分裂状态。条件状语从句中as desirable…… as the writing……可视为同级比较结构。句中who引导的定语从句润饰先行词thinkers，可采用合译的办法翻译。be blamed for为固定短语，意为“因…而受指责”。in favor of ……在句中做状语。

　　译文假如像学术论文反映的那样，科学家们希望看到与某种标准模式契合的规律性和一致性。那么，如果管理者们轻视研究者中的“怪杰”，而喜欢善于协作的较惯例思维的人，这也是无可指责的。

　　4. I have discovered,as perhaps Kelsey will after her much-publicized resignation from the editorship of She after a build-up of stress,that abandoning the doctrine of juggling your life,and making the alternative move into downshifting brings with it far greater rewards than financial success and social status.

　　关键本句中as perhaps Kelsey will……引导的方式状语从句放到了主句的谓语动词discovered与that引导的宾语从句之间，然后形成动宾之间的切割。as引导的从句中省略了谓语动词discover,是为了防止重复。宾语从句中主语为abandoning……and making……并列的动名词短语;谓语为bring sth with sth结构，仅仅因宾语过长，而把with短语提前了。

　　译文我发觉，抛弃那种“日夜操劳的日子”信仰而选择“怠慢日子的节奏”会带来比金钱和社会地位更大的报答。凯尔西在长时间饱尝巨大压力后，从惹人注目的《女人》杂志编辑部退出之后，恐怕她也将与我有相同的感觉。

　　5. Such an outcome,if it happens,could cause a political controversy;or it could lead to more power being transferred to the EU in the worst possible circumstances,namely when the Union is deeply unpopular.

　　关键这是个复合句。条件从句由于太短，置于主句的主谓之间，形成语句分裂，翻译时应将从句提到句首。namely when the……unpopular是一个状语从句，用来解释the worst possible circumstances.the EU:the European Union,欧盟。

　　译文这种结果一旦产生，就或许引起政治上的争吵;在最糟糕的状况下，即在欧盟很不得人心的时候，也或许使更多的权利落到欧盟手中。

　　6. That fact,let alone the current division between the 11 euro countries and the four,led by Britain,that have not joined,is likely to mean that the Union should become a multi-system entity,with some countries signing up to everything and others choosing only some things.

　　关键语句的骨干结构是That fact…… is likely to mean that……。with some countries signing up to everything and others choosing only some things是“with +复合结构”方式，表明伴随状态。短语let alone……not joined置于主谓之间，形成语句分裂，翻译时应将其复原，放在最终。分词短语led by Britain和定语从句that have not joined都润饰the four.euro：欧元。multi-：前缀，表明“多…的”，如mutilateral，多边的：multiple，多个的。

　　译文这一事实或许意味着欧盟将成为一个多体系的实体，其间一些国家对每一件事都表明赞同，而另一些则不尽然;更不用说以英国为首的没有参加欧洲统一钱银体系的四国和现已参加这一体系的十一个欧元国家之间现在已存在的不合了。

　　7. This trend began during the Second World War,when several governments came to the conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail.

　　关键该句的骨干结构是This trend began during the Second World War,when……。when引导定语从句，润饰the Second World War.that the specific……detail是conclusion的同位语从句，在该从句中，主语是the specific demands of its scientific establishment,that a government wants to make是demands的定语从句。该定语从句放在其先行词demands和of介词短语之间，形成语句的分裂。翻译时，可把被分裂的部分复原。

　　译文这种趋势始于第二次世界大战期间，当时一些国家的政府得出这样的结论：政府要向科研机构提出的具体要求通常是无法详尽预见的。

　　8. Observations were made of the children at the beginning and at the end of preschool and first grade.

　　关键整个of短语作observations的定语，相当于Observations of the children at the beginning and at the end of preschool and first grade were made.由于定语太长，所以将其置于动词之后，以防止语句头重脚轻。这样就形成了语句的分裂，翻译时应将被分裂的部分复原。preschool：学前的。

　　译文人们对孩子们在学前班和小学一年级开始时和结束时的状况都曾进行过观察。

　　9. Whether to use tests,other kinds of information,or both in a particular situation depends,therefore,upon the evidence from experience concerning comparative validity and upon such factors as cost and availability.

　　关键这是一个简单句。Whether to……situation是本句的主语，depends是谓语动词，两个upon后面是宾语。availability在句中是指“测验和信息简单得到或找到”。therefore是副词，插在depends和upon……之间，形成它们在结构上的分裂。翻译时，可把therefore提到句首。

　　译文因而，究竟是采用测验还是其他品种的信息，或是在某一特定状况下两者并用，须凭从有关相对效度的经验中得出的证据而定，也取决于比如费用和有无采用的或许性等因素。

　　10. I have been transformed from a passionate advocate of the philosophy of having it all,preached by Linda Kelsey for the past seven years in the page of She magazine,into a woman who is happy to settle for a bit of everything.

　　关键该句的骨干结构是I have been transformed from a passionate advocate of the philosophy of having it all……into a woman……。preached by……magazine是过去分词短语，作the philosophy of having it all的定语，插在from……into之中，形成了语句的分裂。翻译时，可把分词短语译成一个分句，其他照原文顺序翻译。

小编找到的是作者的一些见解，希望可以为考生们寻找到最好得分方式，也希望对大家有所帮助。最后，希望广大考生们在备考过程中提升自己的语言水平，取得更好的成绩。

有需要代报考位的同学们，可以直接联系我们，辛达雅思代报竭诚为您服务。(*^__^*)