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So if this was a transformative – or change-making – idea, why don’t more of us know about Patrick Matthew?
如果这是一种变化的观点，那么为什么大多数人都不知道帕特里克马修呢?
A good question, Neil. We heard in the clip that Darwin acknowledged – or accepted - Matthew’s claim to the idea.But it seems to be down to us – the general public – wanting to simplify things.
这个问题很好。据说达尔文承认或者说接受了马修的观点。但是似乎普通大众想要将事情简化。
Well, I like to keep things simple, Rob.
我也喜欢将事情简单化。
You don’t have to tell me that, Neil. But let’s hear more on why Matthew might have been passed over – or ignored – by some. Here’s Dr Patricia Fara, senior tutor at Clare College Cambridge. She tells us why Darwin was so successful.And listen out for the word she uses to mean close friends and supporters.
你不用告诉我这个。我们再来听听为何马修被大众所忽视。Patricia Fara是剑桥大学克莱尔学院的高级导师。她告诉我们为何达尔文如此成功。她使用了一个词来表示亲密朋友和支持者。
He brought his allies on board.And although he was publishing from his stronghold down in Kent he had the most famous, most prominent, eminent members of the scientific society in Victorian times who were pushing on his behalf. Having a scientific theory being accepted is not just a matter of whether the theory’s right.
他有支持他的盟友。尽管他发表的大本营在肯特，但是他认识维多利亚时期最著名最杰出最有名望的科学界人士，极力推崇他。一个科学理论是否能被接受不单单是理论是否正确的问题。
The word she used was allies.What are they Neil?
她用的词是盟友。这是指什么呢？
Allies are people who help or support us in something- having someone on board also means to have someone’s support for an idea or project. And Darwin’s allies weren’t just mates from down the pub, were they?
盟友是指某件事上给予你支持和帮助的人。和某人在一条船上也是指就某一观点和项目得到某人的支持。达尔文的盟友可不简单是和他下酒馆的那些人。
No, they weren’t! They were famous, prominent and eminent scientists.Prominent means important and well-known and eminent means important and respected.
当然不是了。他们都是最著名最杰出最有名望的科学界人士。杰出的是指重要的、著名的。有名望的是指重要的，受人尊敬的。
Ah yes! So you could say that I’m an eminent radio presenter, Rob?
没错！所以你可以说我是一名很有名望电台主持人！
Well, I could Neil, but…
我是可以，但是……
OK, OK, OK moving on! These eminent scientists were pushing on Darwin’s behalf.In other words, they were taking strong action to promote his theory of evolution.
好了，好了，继续说吧。这些最有名望的科学家都推崇达尔文。换句话说，他们强烈支持宣传他的进化论。
And it’s possible that Patrick Matthew did not enjoy the same level of support.
可能帕特里克马修没有这样的支持者。
That could be true. So do you remember the quiz question from the beginning of the show, Rob?
可能是这样。你还记得节目开始的问题吗？
Indeed I do! I asked: What was Matthew’s job? Was he … a) a politician? b) a church minister? Or c) a horticulturalist?
当然。我问你马修是做什么的？a) 政客？b) 牧师?c) 园艺家?
And I said c) horticulturalist.
我选的是c) 园艺家。
Yes. And that was the right answer – so well done! Just to remind you: a horticulturalist is a person whose job is to study and grow plants such as flowers, fruit and vegetables. But Matthew was interested in trees too.In fact, his ideas about evolution appear in an appendix – or section giving extra information – at the end of a 200-page book about wood!
正确答案就是这个，不错！再提醒你一点：园艺家是指以研究、种植花草蔬菜瓜果为职业的人。马修也对树很感兴趣。事实上，他关于进化的观点出现在他所著书的附录，该本书一共二百页，就是写树木的。附录是提供一些额外信息的部分。
So maybe that’s why we know Darwin’s name but not Matthew’s.It doesn’t seem fair.
这也许也是为什么我们知道达尔文却不知道马修的原因。似乎很不公平。
Well, life’s not fair, Neil. You should know that by now!
生活本身就不公平。你应该知道的。
I should, I should…

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