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自然界最珍贵的奇迹——澳大利亚大堡礁，美国壮观的大峡谷，世界第二大堡礁南美伯利兹堡礁，都遭遇了来自人类的威胁。大堡礁的处境得到了人们的关注。矿业和港口发展方面存在巨大争执。昆士兰政府着力优先开采大型煤矿，即便科学家告诫这会损害珊瑚礁。
That’s the BBC’s Roger Harrabin.Well, I spotted a couple of threats to heritage sites there – mining and port development.Now, any type of industrial activity can harm them by, for example, encroaching on the natural habitat of animals and plants living there,or by polluting the water that flows into the site.
上述便是BBC记者Roger Harrabin的看法。我听出两个威胁——采矿和港口发展。任何类型的工业活动都会破坏遗产型景区，如侵占动植物自然栖息地，或污染的水源流入景区。
Mining is the process of extracting coal or other minerals from the ground, and if you encroach on something, it means you move beyond acceptable limits.The interesting thing is that world heritage sites only constitute 0.5% of the Earth’s surface – so why can’t people do their mining and industrial development on the remaining 99.5%!
采矿是指将煤或其他矿石从地面采出。侵犯某物，是指你的活动超出可接受的范围。有意思的是全世界遗产类景观只占地球表面的0.5%。所以为什么人们不能在剩下的99.5%的土地上采矿，发展港口！
But there is one human industry that can actually be beneficial for precious sites: tourism.
但有一项产业有利于这些珍贵的景观：旅游业。
But you said earlier that tourism was bad for heritage sites.
但你之前说过旅游业不利于遗址的保护。
I know. And I was right, up to a point. World heritage sites are some of tourism’s main attractions, and more and more people are visiting them.So it’s all about getting the balance right between generating money to maintain and restore the sites and minimizing the impact of tourist activities.
我知道，在一定程度上我说过的是对的。世界遗产是旅游业中的主要景点，越来越多的人们前来参观。所以吸收资金维护和修缮景点和将旅游活动的影响降至最小，这二者之间要达到平衡。
Such as littering and graffiti.
例如乱扔垃圾，乱写乱画。
Exactly. And the term for this is sustainable tourism – or tourism designed to have a low impact on the local culture and the environment,while generating employment for local people.
没错。有一个术语就叫可持续旅游，即对当地文化和环境产生较小影响的旅游业，同时也会刺激当地就业。
So UNESCO is working to direct governments, site managers and visitors towards sustainable tourism practicesin order to keep our world’s natural and cultural heritage safe for future generations.
所以联合国教科文组织试图引导政府，景点经营者，以及游客向可持续旅游发展，为我们的后代保护好自然界和文化遗产。
Wow, you can really talk the talk, Alice. You should work for UNESCO!OK, let’s move on now, and listen to Paul Crocombe, of the Snorkelling and Diving Company in Townsville, Queensland, Australia, giving his view on how the Great Barrier Reef will cope with threats to its survival.
你说的头头是道。你应该为教科文组织工作！好了，我们继续说，听听Paul Crocombe的看法，他在位于澳大利亚昆士兰汤斯维尔的Snorkelling and Diving Company公司工作，他会讲述大堡礁如何应对威胁，得以存活。
The Reef’s fairly dynamic, it’s been through a couple of ice ages, and is still here,so its resilience will ensure that the Reef is still here in years to come.But the species diversity and the… the visual aesthetics of the Reef may change quite considerably,especially if we get an increase in sea temperature, an increase in carbon dioxide in the water, and things like that.
珊瑚是非常有活力的，它们挺过冰河时期，仍然存在着，其强大的恢复力可以保证珊瑚年复一年的存在。但种类的多样性，以及视觉上的美感会发生很大的变化，尤其是海水温度上升，水中的二氧化碳增加以及类似情形的出现。

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