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And I’m Neil.So Alice, can you think of an example of how the English we speak is changing?
我是尼尔。爱丽丝，你能想出一个例子可以证明我们说的英语在变化？
Yes, I can – teenagers saying like all the time…
可以啊，青少年总是说like，
Oh, that’s, like, really like annoying, like?
like, 就是很烦人，like？
Well, the subject of today’s show is how and why the English language is changing.And teenagers definitely have their own code– including text speak when they’re on the internet or using their phones.Fomo, bae, plos – do you have any idea what those terms mean, Neil?
今天节目的主题是英语如何变化以及为何变化。青少年有他们自己的话语包括他们在网络上或使用手机发信息时有自己的语言。例如 Fomo, bae, plos，你知道这些术语的意思吗？
I’ve got no idea what you’re talking about, Alice.They‘re pretty baffling – and that means hard to understand.But that’s the idea, isn’t it?We oldies aren’t supposed to understand!
我不知道你在说啥。太让人令人困惑了，也就是说很难理解。就是这样。像我们这种老年人就理解不了。
Yes, exactly! Apparently, plos means parents looking over shoulder – which proves your point! Text speak is a lot to do with inventing cool new terms – and these change quickly.In a year, or even six months time, words that were once popular, have disappeared completely.
没错！显然，plos是指父母在你身后看着你，就证明了你的观点！文本语言有很多新发明出来的新词语，这些术语变化很快。一年，甚至六个月的时间，那些曾经风靡网络的词就完全消失不见了。
OK, I have a quiz question forming in my mind, Alice– so I hope you’re feeling up to the challenge, Alice.Can you tell me, what kinds of words are slow to change?Is it...a) nouns?b) pronouns?Or c) adjectives?
好了，我脑子里有一个问题要问你。希望你可以应对挑战。你能告诉我，哪类词类变化的比较慢？a) 名词？b) 代词？或者c) 形容词？
I think it’s a) nouns. The way we name things probably doesn’t change that quickly.
我觉得是a) 名词。我们对事物的命名不会迅速地改变。
We shall find out if you are right or wrong later on in the show. But let’s think about English grammar for a minute, and what changes are occurring here.
节目的最后我们再看你回答得是否正确。但是我们先来看一下英语语法中有哪些变化。
I noticed you said shall there, Neil.And to my ear, that sounds pretty old fashioned.
我注意到你说的shall，在我听来，这听上去有些过时了。
And you’re very right, Alice.The modal verb shall is on the way out – meaning it’s disappearing. Why do you think that is?
你说的没错。情态动词shall即将过时，意思是正在消失。你觉得这是为什么呢？
Well, perhaps it’s because will sounds more natural these days.Let’s listen to linguist Bas Aarts,talking to writer and presenter,Michael Rosen on the BBC Radio 4 programme Word of Mouth, for his explanation.
也许是因为will听上去更自然。我们听听语言学家Bas Aarts的观点，他在BBC广播4台《口头相传》上与作家兼主持人的Michael Rosen解释了原因。
Why would we lose shall? I mean, if especially as we hold it in the interrogative. We say, you know, Shall we go swimming?
为什么我们不说 shall？尤其是在疑问句中。如，我们说，我们要去游泳吗?
Well, because it’s in competition with will.If you have two words that more or less express the same meaning,one of the two is going to be pushed out of the language.And in this case, it’s shall.

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