报名日期截止前提醒广大考生抓紧时间报名，如果考位暂满的话可以联系我们代报，欢迎随时咨询在线客服，敬请广大考生注意考试时间.

众所周知，同义替换是雅思阅览必不可少的考查办法，派生词替换、近义词或近义词词组以及反义词的否定形式是大多数学员比较了解的，但上义词替换下义词却是许多同学的死穴。下面咱们就一同跟着辛达雅思代报小编一同来剖析一下上义词与下义词在雅思阅览中的使用。

上义词与下义词是一组相对概念，规模大的词汇为上义词，而其部属的具体比方为其下义词。比方说，学科subject和化学chemistry便是一对显着的上义词和下义词。上义词与下义词的概念弄理解后，咱们还要了解雅思阅览考查这类替换的办法，简而言之，便是‘题上文下’，也便是说上义词会呈现在题干中替换原文中的下义词。其实，原因很简单，雅思阅览的出题人是依据原文中的具体信息来出题的，用规模较大的上义词subject来替换原文中更为具体的chemistry就水到渠成了。下面咱们就通过多组题目来见识一下上义词与下义词在雅思阅览各种题型中的使用。

首先，咱们来看一道判断题，选自C5-P42-Q13 Bakelite was only available in a limited range of colours.本题定位原文最终一段难度不大，但许多同学把最终一段看了一遍又一遍，仍是没有成果。大家也无妨试一下。原文如下:

Baekeland's invention, although treated with disdain in its early years, went on to enjoy an unparalleled popularity which lasted throughout the first half of the twentieth century. It became the wonder product of the new world of industrial expansion - 'the material of a thousand uses,. Being both non-porous and heat-resistant, Bakelite kitchen goods were promoted as being germ-free and sterilisable. Electrical manufacturers seized on its insulating properties, and consumers everywhere relished its dazzling array of shades, delighted that they were now, at last, no longer restricted to the wood tones and drab browns of the pre-plastic era. It then fell from favour again during the 1950s, and was despised and destroyed in vast quantities. Recently, however, it has been experiencing something of a renaissance, with renewed demand for original Bakelite objects in the collectors' marketplace, and museums, societies and dedicated individuals once again appreciating the style and originality of this innovative material.

实际上，此题就运用了上义词替换下义词这一伎俩。咱们可以通过colours 定位到原文这样的信息‘ no longer restricted to the wood tones and drab browns of the pre-plastic era’。也便是将colours替换了文中大部分学员比较了解browns。因为看出limit与restrict的替换难度并不大，那么此题与原文中no longer对立，选FALSE也就很轻松了。

其实，不仅仅是判断题，在填空题中的使用也让不少学员尝到许多苦头。咱们再看一个比方，选自C6-P29-Q40 ...........produce is particularly expensive. 此题在原文中的定位难度也不大，许多学员都定位了如下的原文内容。

Provisions available in local shops have to be flown into Nunavut on one of the most costly air networks in the world, or brought by supply ship during the few ice-free weeks of summer. It would cost a family around ￡7,000 a year to replace meat they obtained themselves through hunting with imported meat.

但是，具体答案定位哪一句，许多同学犯了难，原文中根本就没有与答案最为密切的produce。咱们再仔细剖析一下，本来题干中的produce （农产品）可以替换原文中meat，答案也便是imported了。在这里，我只能说不了解这种出题思路的烤鸭被害惨了。

其实，比较以上两种题型，上义词与下义词在阶段信息配对题的呈现频率更高。比方，C9-P93-Q18：

reference to a possible link between culture and a particular form of behaviour, 其间‘a particular form of behaviour’替换了原文H段的‘a struggle over toy’, 再比方C9-P43-Q5： a list of medical conditions which place some children more at risk from noise than others，其间‘medical conditions’替换了原文D段的 ‘hearing impairment, autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) and attention deficit disorders (ADD/ADHD)’。

咱们发现，题干中的名词可能会作为上义词来考查，回原文定位时需要留意该词的具体化概念，并谨记‘题上文下’的替换原则。

最终，期望大家可以将我分享的这个解题办法运用到平常的解题操练中去，我信任，通过不断操练，你很快就会在征服雅思阅览的道路上多了一项新技能。

小编找到的是作者的一些见解，希望可以为考生们寻找到最好得分方式，也希望对大家有所帮助。最后，希望广大考生们在备考过程中提升自己的语言水平，取得更好的成绩。

有需要代报考位的同学们，可以直接联系我们，辛达雅思代报竭诚为您服务。(*^__^*)