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       一、主语：语句的中心主体，一般坐落谓语动词之前，标明一个语句是谁或何种状况所发出履行或是承受的。在写作中常做主语的有名词、代词、主语从句、V-ing、To do五种。

　　1名词：Computersare now being widely used in almost all fields.

　　2代词：Weare now living in an information-explosion era.

　　3主语从句：Whether sports stars should earn a high salaryis still discussed heatedly.

　　4V-ing:Surfing the Internetoffers a new way for people to relax themselves.

　　5To do:To protect the environmentis everybody’s business.

　　二、谓语：描绘或论述主语的状况，由动词来充任，常坐落主语之后。

　　1表状况用系动词：As I see it, movie stars’earning a high salaryisunfair and unjustified.

　　2表动效果及物或不及物动词：The Internethas revolutionizedpeople’s way of life. Tastediffers.

　　3表具有：人或物时用：have has无生命的东西：there be

　　Peoplehavedifferent views on this question.

　　There isno absolute agreement on this question.

　　4神态动词+动词原形：

　　In this way, teacherscan never be replacedby computers.

    　三、宾语：及物动词或介词所指向的目标。在写作中常做宾语的有名词、宾语从句、复合结构、V-ing、To do五种。

　　1名词作宾语：International tourism promotesthe economic development.

　　2宾语从句作宾语：Some people holdthat air travel should be restricted.

　　3复合结构：The advanced medical technology has madeit possible for people to live longer than ever possible before.

　　4 V-ing: Nobody can avoidbeing influencedby media.

　　5 To do: Some people wantto work for a big companywhile others chooseto work for a small one.

　　四、表语：接在系动词后，弥补阐明主语的状况又称为主语补足语。在写作中常做表语的有名词、形容词、V-ing、To do、从句五种。

　　1名词：The environmental problem isa serious problemin modern society.

　　2形容词：Time isfleetingand art islong.

　　3V-ing: The argument isconvincing.

　　4To do: A possible solution isto set down effective laws.

　　5从句：One advantage of computers’utilized in education isthat they can enrich the traditional teaching method to a great extent.

　　五、定语：润饰名词或类似于名词的词。一般翻译为“……..的”，表示事物性质或状况，分为前置或后置。在写作中常做定语的有形容词、名词、V-ing、To do、从句五种。

　　1形容词：Taking part-time jobs exertsprofoundimpacts on one’s future career development.

　　2名词：Generationgap is now a problem we have to face.