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       针对雅思议论文写作中的争辩式论题，在教育中咱们通常会向学生介绍两种组织结构的方法，即单边支撑和双方评论。所谓单边支撑，望文生义就是文章的争辩从一边打开，作者的观念和理由出现“一边倒”的方法;而双方评论型文章的特色则是文章针对标题所提出的论题，从正反(即支撑和对立)两个方面打开争辩。单边支撑和双方评论结构的文章有着各自的特色和谋篇布局的套路，不同的标题可能适合不同类型的结构。但无论是用什么样的结构，作为议论文写作，观念、论据和证明都是必不可少的，特别是观念，没有观念或观念不清的文章是绝不可能拿高分的。然而在双方评论型文章教育中，常常会发现学生关于怎样提出观念感到十分利诱。本文将从怎样提出“折衷观念”和“折衷计划”这个视点关于双方评论型文章的观念规划进行简略剖析。

　　一，何为“折衷观念”和“折衷计划”。

　　许多雅思写作考题的发问方法都是“Do you agree or disagree?”或许“To what extent do you agree or disagree?”。许多刚刚接触雅思考试的学生乃至是教师认为关于这种发问方法无非就是yes或no两种答案，所以文章的观念也就只能是赞同或许不赞同了。其实，关于这类发问，也能够采用“折衷”的观念，即“partly agree，partly disagree”(部分赞同，部分不赞同)。可是条件是必定要在文章中从支撑和对立的两方面都阐述一些理由，并且最好再提出一种“折衷”计划。例如，考题问“现在许多人用动物做实验，你赞同吗?”，考生能够在文中别离评论支撑和对立动物实验的理由，最终提出动物实验既有好处也有害处，这就是一种“折衷” 观念。除此之外，作者还提出了是否能用动物来做实验主要是取决于实验是否能给人类日子带来明显的改善(比方协助人类创造医治Aids的药物)，这就归于“ 折衷”计划。

　　二，“折衷观念”和“折衷计划”的几种方法。

　　那么怎样提出“折衷观念”呢?“折衷计划”又有哪几种方法呢?下面笔者将对常见的几种组织折衷观念和折衷计划的方法，结合相应的考题进行总结。

　　(1) 兴利除弊

　　“兴利除弊”应该是一种比较简略的折衷计划，在优缺点类文章中特别常用。即在剖析完考题所触及事物的优缺点之后，在结尾段提出“优缺点都有，咱们要兴利除弊”这样的折衷计划。例如以下考题：

　　The advantages brought by the spread of English as a “global language” will outweigh the disadvantages. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this view?

　　在评论完英语作为全球性语言的利与弊之后，结尾段能够这样提出折衷观念：

　　To sum up, it is difficult to tell whether or not the advantages outweigh the disadvantages regarding the spread of English as a global language. What we may have to consider is how to accept this trend as positive while at the same time staying away from its drawbacks.

       (2) 平衡开展

　　许多考题需要考生评论两种观念，通常会有“discuss both views and give your own opinion”这样的发问要求。许多情况下，文中提到的两种观念表面上看来是彻底相反，但其实并不矛盾，能够用“平衡开展”的思路来提出观念。例如考题：

　　Some people think that cultural traditions may be destroyed when they are used as money-making attractions aimed at tourists. Others believe it is the only way to save these traditions. Discuss on both sides and give your opinion.

　　在评论完开展旅行的必要性和维护文化传统的重要性之后，结尾段能够这样提出折衷计划：

　　We should find the right balance between tourism development and cultural protection and I believe the government has a very important role to play here. In my own country, for example, many tourist cities have made effective development plans to successfully attract large numbers of visitors while still preserving their distinct cultural traditions.

　　(3) 取决于……

　　有时在评论完A和B两种观念今后，能够提出类似于“赞同A仍是B要取决于……”这样的折衷观念，前文讲到的动物实验是否能够进行取决于实验的性质就是归于这样的计划。再比方下面这个例子：

　　Some people think that the animals should be treated as pets; others think that animals are sources of food and clothing. What is your opinion?

　　在评论完动物当宠物养的理由和动物当食物吃的理由之后，结尾段能够这样提出观念：

　　From my point of view, there is no absolute answer as to whether animals should be treated like pets or as sources of food and clothes. It largely depends on what kinds of animals they are. But what remains undoubted is that we should treat animals with a humane attitude and bear in mind that they are important in preserving nature’s ecological equilibrium.

　　(4) 解决方法

　　许多双方评论型文章中所评论的两种观念其实是能够经过某种计划来“化解矛盾”的，例如这道考题：

　　In many countries, good schools and medical facilities are available only in cities. Some people think new teachers and doctors should wok in rural areas for a few years, but others think everyone should be free to choose where they work. Discuss and give your own opinion.

　　在评论完“支边”的利(缩小城乡距离)与弊(年轻人损失自在)之后，咱们能够提出这样一种解决计划：

　　The best solution, therefore, is not to order, but to encourage. We should instill a sense of responsibility in young people and give more incentives to those who are willing to work in difficult areas, so that we can address the problem of urban-rural disparity while respecting whatever decisions new teachers or doctors have made.