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So, we heard those three skyscrapers again – but what about St Paul’s? He said it was a modest 111 metres high.Modest here means not large in size or amount – it means it’s only 111 metres. 
我们又听到了那三个摩天大楼的名字——那么圣保罗大教堂呢？他说它只有111米高，高度比较适中。Modest在这的意思就是在尺寸或者数量上来说不是非常大——意思就是它的高度不是很高，只有111米。
That was the adjective. And the other word we asked you to listen out for was dwarfed. St Paul’s is dwarfed by the nearby skyscrapers. If something dwarfs another thing, it makes it seem small in comparison. 
这是一个形容词。另外一个我让你听的单词是dwarfed，圣保罗大教堂被附近新建的高楼比下去了。如果某物dwarfs另一个物体，指的就是它看起来比另一个物体要小的多。
Yes, and this has happened recently. He says the new buildings have sprung up in the last few years.When he says they’ve sprung up, he means they’ve suddenly appeared – and it’s often used to talk about buildings. 
没错，这是最近才发生的事情。他说新建的这些建筑都是在过去几年内完工的。他用的描述是：sprung up，指的就是非常迅速的发生——这个用法也通常用来指建筑。
And he also used a great word to talk about those nicknames – he said they were irreverently British nicknames – if something is irreverent, it doesn’t show the respect you might expect for official things, and often treats serious subjects in quite a fun, jokey way. 
他还用了一个单词来形容那些建筑的外号——他说那都是一些不太高雅的英式外号——如果某物的名称不太高雅，意思就是不够正式，显示不出其应该受到尊重的地位。使用一种戏谑的方式来描述一些非常严肃的事物。
By calling them irreverently British, he suggests that being irreverent is quite typically British! Now, Rob, you’re quite typically British but are you irreverent? 
这就是不太高雅的英式外号。他说起一些不太高雅的外号就是典型的英式风格。Rob，你就是非常典型的英国人，那么你会经常开这种不太高雅的玩笑嘛？
I think I am. I joke about everything!But, whether these nicknames are respectful or not, as I mentioned, many people are not happy with these tall new buildings.What reasons does Jonathan Savage give? 
我觉得是吧。我几乎可以开各种事情的玩笑！但是，不管这些外号是否高雅，就像我之前提到的那样，很多人是不太喜欢这些高楼的。Jonathan Savage给出的理由是什么？
They are not universally popular. Some say they obstruct sightlines of old-fashioned landmarks like this one; that they threaten London’s cultural identity; that they’re just plain ugly.A group of high-profile Londoners, politicians, artisans and academics are now campaigning to halt this incoming tide. They say more than 200 more skyscrapers are being thoughtlessly thrown up across London. 
它们并没有那么普遍受欢迎。有的人说它们阻碍视线，影响到了那些有历史纪念意义的地标建筑；它们影响到了伦敦的文化特征，而且它们本身看起来就很丑。一些知名度较高的伦敦人、政客、工匠以及学者现在都在致力于叫停这种日渐升温的“高楼热”。他们说，有超过200多个高楼被草率的安置在全伦敦。
OK, so, what were their reasons? They said they obstruct sightlines – they block the views of some older landmarks. 
好的，那么他们的理由是什么呢？他们说这些建筑阻碍视线——它们挡住了那些老的地标建筑的视线。

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