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      Ⅴ. 题目句子中的主谓宾结构在原文中无法对应，则答案判断为Not Given。

　　原文: In the last 20 years, scientists have detected an increasing variety of toxic contaminants in the North, including pesticides from agriculture, chemicals and heavy metals from industry, and even radioactive fall-out from Chernobyl. These are substances that have invaded ecosystems virtually worldwide, but they are especially worrisome in the Arctic.

　　题目: Industry in the Arctic has increased over the last 20 years.

　　分析：

　　第一步：确定题目中的定位词。定位词分别是时间表达式over the last 20 years，专有名词Arctic和主语Industry。另外，考点词是increased。

　　第二步：定位词到原文中定位。文章原句是: In the last 20 years, scientists have detected an increasing variety of toxic contaminants in the North, including pesticides from agriculture, chemicals and heavy metals from industry, 我们发现在原文中的时间对应词和题目中的相同，而Arctic在原文中也没有变化。而考点词在原文中转化成了increasing。原文的表述是 an increasing variety of toxic contaminants，说明增加的是variety of toxic contaminants，而题目中的主语是Industry。而industry在文章中的表述是……heavy metals from industry。但这并不能判断工业是否增长。所以本题判断为not given。

　　Ⅵ. 题目和原文都有比较，但是比较对象不同，则答案判断为Not Given。

　　原文: Scientists have found that a smoked substance reaches the brain more quickly than one swallowed, snorted (such as cocaine powder) or even injected.

　　题目: Snorted substances reach the brain faster than injected substances.

　　分析：

　　题目和原文都有比较，比较的关键词是reach the brain faster than，原文中有一个同义词转换结构reaches the brain more quickly than。其中faster和more quickly构成了同义词转换的用法。

　　题目中比较的两方面是Snorted substances和injected substances。而原文的比较内容是a smoked substance和swallowed, snorted (such as cocaine powder) or even injected。题目中的比较对象在原文中是并列关系，因此无法进行比较，所以答案判断为not given。

　　Ⅶ. 题目中表示现在状况，而文章中表示将来的可能性，则答案判断为Not Given;反之亦然。

　　原文: Nearly half the world’s population will experience critical water shortages by 2025, according to the United Nations (UN). Wars over access to water are a rising possibility in this century and the main conflicts in Africa during the next 25 years could be over this most precious of commodities, as countries fight for access to scarce resources.

　　题目: Some African countries are currently at war over water resources.

　　分析：

　　题目中定位词African countries，war，water在原文中都可以定位相应的词汇。 但是题目中的关键词是currently，而在文章中的表述是……during the next 25 years could be……。现在和将来的两种状态无法进行比较。所以答案判断为not given。

　　Ⅷ. 原文中有表示极端的修饰词如most, all, any等，而在文章中无法搜索到相关的同义表述，则答案判断为Not Given。

　　原文: Hydroelectric power is at present the earth’s chief renewable electricity source, generating 6% of global energy and about 15% of worldwide electricity. Hydroelectric power in Canada is plentiful and provides 60% of their electrical requirements. Usually regarded as an inexpensive and clean source of electricity, most big hydroelectric projects being planned today are facing a great deal of hostility from environmental groups and local people.

　　题目: Canada uses the most hydroelectric power in the world today.

　　分析：

　　通过题目中的两个专有名词Canada和hydroelectric power定位。原文提到了Hydroelectric power in Canada is plentiful and provides 60% of their electrical requirements. 但是并没有说到most……in the world today。从上下文的关系来看文章中提到的most big hydroelectric projects being planned today are facing a great deal of hostility from environmental groups and local people也与题目的表述无关。。所以答案判断为not given。