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   　1. A homeowner can get hurt trying to use the wrong kind of extinguisher on an electrical fire.

　　2. Bolenciecwcz was staring at the floor, trying to think, his huge hands rubbing together, his face red.

　　3. Facing the Atlantic, it is on the northeastern coast of the United States, and most of the city is built on islands.

　　4. He sat in front of them, dressed in a plain, ill-fitting suit, never moving, his dusty face masking his age.

　　5. Freed from TV, forced to find their activities, they might take a ride together to watch the sunset.

　　6. Over 800 full-time thatchers are employed in England and Wales today, maintaining and renewing the old roofs as well as thatching newer houses.

　　7. He had never been to school or university but had studied privately and by the time he was twenty he was a skillful chemist and excellent linguist, speaking Swedish, Russian, German, France, and English.

　　8. The materials used – copper, stainless steel, concrete and glass- give the building a striking beauty.

　　9. After all, eighty was a special birthday, another decade lived or endured just as you chose to look at it.

　　10. But at least they would distinguish the organizations entitled to a continuing voice in the dialogue with the research community about the rights of animals in research from the organizations that deserve no say.

　　11. Registering for classes, becoming familiar with the buildings on campus, buying books, adding and dropping classes, and paying fees are confusing for everyone.

　　12. Spending all their time working to a rigid curriculum, the passing of examinations by their pupils gradually became the whole object of their working life.

　　13. Being very short of money and wanting to do something useful, I applied, fearing as I did so, that without a degree and with no experience in teaching my chances of getting the job were slim.

　　14. They also bring together in one display a group of object drawn from various parts of the museum in an effort to represent the whole life-style of a region or a historical period.

　　15. The problem is how museums can continue to serve as storehouses for treasures while encouraging public to enjoy visiting them.

　　1.A homeowner can get hurt trying to use the wrong kind of extinguisher on an electrical fire.

　结构

　　全句只要1个谓语动词：can get。语句骨干是：A homeowner can get hurt。trying to use the wrong kind of extinguisher on an electrical fire是一个现在分词结构，在句中作条件状语，润饰谓语动词. Try to do something是一个固定用法，表明“企图，试着做某事” 。

　　翻译

　　假如业主在电气火灾中运用了过错的灭火器，可能会受伤。

　　2.Bolenciecwcz was staring at the floor, trying to think, his huge hands rubbing together, his face red.

　　结构

　　全句只要1个谓语动词：was staring。trying to think是一个现在分词短语作随同方法状语，表明主语Bolenciecwcz在staring的一起还在trying to think。一起，后边的两个独立主格结构his huge hands rubbing together和his face red也是随同方法状语。

　　翻译

　　伯伦西维茨盯着地上，企图思考，他搓着大大的双手，脸色通红。

　　3.Facing the Atlantic, it is on the northeastern coast of the United States, and most of the city is built on islands.

　　结构

　　全句有2个谓语动词：is和is built。整个语句由两个完好的单句组成。句首的现在分词短语Facing the Atlantic在语句中作方法状语。

　　翻译

　　它面对大西洋，坐落于美国的东北海岸线，其城市的大部分建设在岛屿上。

　　4.He sat in front of them, dressed in a plain, ill-fitting suit, never moving, his dusty face masking his age.

　　结构

　　全句只要1个谓语动词：sat。语句骨干是：He sat in front of them。dressed in a plain, ill-fitting suit是过去分词短语作随同状语，而never moving是现在分词短语作随同状语，表明主语在sat时的随同状态。相同，独立主格结构his dusty face masking his age也是随同状语。

　　翻译

　　他坐在他们前面，穿这一身朴素的不合身的衣服，文风不动，满面的风尘遮住了他的实践年纪。

　　5.Freed from TV, forced to find their activities, they might take a ride together to watch the sunset.

　　结构

　　全句只要1个谓语动词：might take。语句骨干为：they might take a ride。Freed from TV和forced to find their activities是两个过去分词短语，在句中作条件状语。

　　翻译

　　假如不看电视又不得不另找些活动，他们可能会一起骑车去观日落。

　　6.Over 800 full-time thatchers are employed in England and Wales today, maintaining and renewing the old roofs as well as thatching newer houses.

　　结构

　　全句只要1个谓语动词：are employed。语句骨干为：Over 800 full-time thatchers are employed。其间，maintaining，renewing the old roofs 和thatching newer houses是三个并排的现在分词短语作随同状语。As well as 表明并排。

　　结构

　　全句有4个谓语动词：had been，had studied，was

　　结构

　　全句只要1个谓语动词：give。语句骨干是：The materials give the building a striking beauty。其间，过去分词used作为后置定语润饰materials。现在分词striking作定语润饰beauty。破折号之间的并排的名词结构是materials的同位语，起弥补阐明效果。

　　翻译

　　运用的这些建材——铜，不锈钢，水泥和玻璃等——给这个建筑物增添了一种耀眼的魅力。

　　9.After all, eighty was a special birthday, another decade lived or endured just as you chose to look at it.

　　结构

　　全句有2个谓语动词：was和chose。语句骨干为：eighty was a special birthday。Another decade是birthday的同位语，后边的lived or endured是过去分词作后置定语润饰decade。最终是as引导的状语从句。

　　毕竟，八十大寿是一个特别的生日，是又日子了十年仍是忍受了十年全凭你选择怎样去看待了。

　   10.But at least they would distinguish the organizations entitled to a continuing voice in the dialogue with the research community about the rights of animals in research from the organizations that deserve no say.

　　结构

　　全句有2个谓语动词：would distinguish和deserve。语句骨干是：they would distinguish the organizations…from the organizations that…。其间，entitled to a continuing voice是过去分词短语作为后置定语润饰第一个organizations。这以后是一个杂乱的介词短语，其骨干是in the dialogue with…about…。that引导的定语从句润饰第二个organizations。而且，还应留意到整句话的首要结构：distinguish…from…。

　　翻译

　　但是，至少他们会分辨出哪些安排有资历与研究机构继续进行对话，就科研活动中的动物的权力发表意见，而哪些安排不该进行这种对话。

　　11.Registering for classes, becoming familiar with the buildings on campus, buying books, adding and dropping classes, and paying fees are confusing for everyone.

　　结构

　　全句只要1个谓语动词：are。值得留意的是这一句话的主语是5个并排的动名词短语： Registering, becoming familiar, buying books, adding and dropping classes, and paying fees。而且，在系动词are后的confusing是一个现在分词形式，具有形容词的性质，意为“把人搞乱的，令人模糊的”。

　　12.Spending all their time working to a rigid curriculum, the passing of examinations by their pupils gradually became the whole object of their working life.

　　结构

　　全句只要1谓语动词：became。语句骨干为：the passing of examinations became the whole object。句首的现在分词短语Spending all their time working to a rigid curriculum在语句中作原因状语。留意the passing of examinations表明经过考试，其间examinations应该是passing的宾语，这种结构很常见，如：the hunting of the animal等。语句末尾的working是现在分词作为形容词润饰life，表明“作业日子”。

　　翻译

　　他们把自己的悉数时刻都用于依照严苛的课程表进行授课，学生能经过考试现已逐渐变成他们自己授课作业的悉数方针。

　　13.Being very short of money and wanting to do something useful, I applied, fearing as I did so, that without a degree and with no experience in teaching my chances of getting the job were slim.

　　结构

　　全句有3个谓语动词：applied，did和were。其间主句的是：applied。语句骨干为：I applied。句首的并排的现在分词短语Being very short of money和wanting to do something useful作原因状语，fearing 实践上是一个随同状语，as I did so是as引导的一个时刻状语从句。that引导的是fearing的宾语从句。

　　翻译

　　因为手头很缺钱，一起也想干点儿有用的事，我就提出了请求，但在请求时我也忧虑，自己没有文凭也没有教学经历，得到这份作业的期望是很迷茫的。

　　14.They also bring together in one display a group of object drawn from various parts of the museum in an effort to represent the whole life-style of a region or a historical period.

　　全句只要1个谓语动词：bring。语句骨干为：They also bring together a group of object。其间，过去分词短语drawn from various parts of the museum作为后置定语润饰a group of object。语句后半部分的介词短语in an effort to…是语句的意图状语。

　　翻译

　　他们还聚集了一批来自博物馆的各个部分的展品，放在一场展览中展出，力求展现代表了一个地区或一个历史时期的日子方法。

　　15.The problem is how museums can continue to serve as storehouses for treasures while encouraging public to enjoy visiting them.

　　结构

　　全句有2个谓语动词：is和 can continue。语句骨干为：The problem is how。how引导的是一个表语从句。其间，现在分词短语encouraging public to enjoy visiting them作为随同状语，表明museums在continue的一起还可以encouraging。 .

　　翻译

　　问题是博物馆怎样既能起到珍品宝库的效果，一起又能大众乐于观赏。