辛达雅思代报考位,雅思代报名截止前提醒广大考生抓紧时间报名,欢迎前来咨询在线客服。
咱们先来看一篇讲演词,James Ramsay McDonald(1866-1937)从前两度任英国首相,又是工党首领。榜首次世界大战中对立英国参战,1919年大战完毕后他在英国工党会议上作了如下的讲演:
Today, as I read about the Peace, as I hoped and prayed about the Peace, I thought of the almost countless graves scattered in the centre of Europe. Many of our children are lying there. It must be in the hearts of all of us to build a fair monument to those men who will never come back to bless us with their smiles. Do they not want a grand and magnificent monument built for them so that the next generations, even if they forget their names, shall never forget their sacrifice? That is what I want. I almost felt I heard the grass growing over them in a magnificent, soothing harmony, and that simple soothing peace of the growing grass seemed to grow louder and more magnificent until the riot and distractive sound of the guns were stifled and stilled by it. Can we not have that sentiment today, that feeling in our hearts? Can we not go in imagination to where our children lie, and feel that, in Europe, in our own hearts, that same peace shall rule, and through sorrow and through sacrifice we shall obtain that wisdom and light which will enable Europe to possess peace for ever? (James Ramsay MacDonald)
要读懂这篇讲演词,咱们先要知道阶段中生词的意思:
scatter撒布 monument纪念碑 bless使美好
grand庄重的 magnificent宏伟的 generation一代
sacrifice献身 soothe劝慰 harmony和声
riot紊乱的 distrative紊乱的 stifle扑灭
still使安静 sentiment感情 imagination想像
sorrow忧伤 obtain得到 wisdom才智
possess得到
再有不了解的单词请查金山词霸。基本上,这样之后本段中现已没有生词了,不过公私分明,似乎这样也协助不大。段中的几句长句仍是让人束手无策的。信任现在有不少人都认得上面的单词,可是要说这段话的意思,却依然茫无头绪的。在这个时分,咱们就要做语法剖析了。比如榜首句:
Today, as I read about the Peace, as I hoped and prayed about the Peace, I thought of the状语 主语 谓语
almost countless graves scattered in the centre of Europe.宾语
如此,语句的结构茅塞顿开,其大约意思也能够把握了。
咱们乃至能够剖析得更细。Today是副词作语句的状语;两个as引导两个状语从句;
the almost countless graves scattered in the centre of Europe是主句的长宾语。副词almost润饰countless,almost countless润饰graves;scattered in the centre of Europe分词短语润饰graves,而介词短语in the centre of Europe润饰scattered。
这样,语句的意思就十分了解了:“今日,当我阅悉平和现已到来,就像我最初期望平和,为平和祈求之时相同,想到了遍及中欧各地几乎数不清的坟墓。”其实这句话仅仅是一简略句,去除润饰成分,也就是:I thought of graves,罢了。
咱们再来看最后一句。
Can we not go in imagination to where our children lie, and feel that, in Europe, in our own hearts, that same peace shall rule, and through sorrow and through sacrifice we shall obtain that wisdom and light which will enable Europe to possess peace for ever?
这是句复合句,咱们能够拆分为两句,Can we not go in imagination to where our children lie, and feel that, in Europe, in our own hearts, that same peace shall rule为榜首句,余下的为第二句。
In imagination润饰动词go,在想像中前往,或称神游。宾语to where our children lie是一句从句。
咱们能够改写成:We can not go in imagination to the place our children lie.在变为疑问句就是本来的语句了。“咱们莫非不能神游咱们孩子们长眠之所?”
接下来咱们也能够改写成: …feel that that same peace shall rule in Europe and in our own heart…
榜首个that引导宾语从句,第二个that是指示代词,润饰peace,rule在这里表明to have a controlling influence over占主导地位,占肯定方位,所以语句是:“并且感到平和将根植于咱们心中,也将操纵欧洲?”
第二句实际上也就是We obtain wisdom and light.看看剖析: through sorrow and through sacrifice是状语,润饰谓语。
Which will enable Europe to possess peace for ever作定语润饰wisdom and light。“莫非经过这些哀痛与献身,咱们不会变得聪明,得到启示,使欧洲永保平和吗?” 及至于此,咱们能够说现已彻底了解篇中意思了。咱们也了解了英语语法在英语阅览中的效果。
不过,假使咱们对一次大战有所了解,对英国在上个世纪初的政治有所了解,对英国在一战中所失与所得有所了解,定然是会有更为深化的领会。 而咱们所以能有更为深化的领会,得之于对英国文明的了解;而许多时分,这样的文明上的了解,也能有助于咱们对单词、词组、语句、华章的了解。 信任咱们有这样的领会,一篇文章没有几个生词,语法剖析也做了,却仍是无法了解其间的意思,可是一看译文,却是有一种茅塞顿开的感觉,觉得本来是这么简略的东西,自己本来是应该懂得的。这个问题之所以呈现,我觉得是语感缺失的原因。曾经我也写过语感的问题,不过总觉得语焉不详,才能有限是一回事,语感自身就是一个不容易捉摸的工作,毕竟是摸不着、看不到、听不见的工作。不过语感的效果是能够感受得到的。仍是那篇讲演词,有着强烈语感的人一口气读毕,没有什么阻滞的地方,并且也忘记了有所谓语法剖析这么一回事(事实是要不是由于要写作这些文章,从头温习一下语法术语的话,我早就把那些语法的东东忘得一干二净了,由于根本用不上),更不用说什么语法术语了。一句话,所谓语感,就是像阅览中文相同阅览英文的感觉。
现在,咱们能够作些总体上的说明了。高档的英语阅览才能是指能流通顺畅的读懂一篇文章(或一段话,一部书)。而所谓流通顺畅的阅览,咱们的标准是:
1、 通篇不感到生词,即便有,也能经过上下文了解其意思,不感到阻滞;即便不能了解,也浑然不影响阅览。
2、 不会趁热打铁的读毕文章后,虽则没有遇到生词,却依然不明所以。
3、 不会在单词了解了,阶段语句了解了,全体上却不了解。
要到达榜首点主要是词汇量的问题,第二点是语法与语感的要求,而第三点则是文明背景根底的要求。即:
1、 词汇量。
2、 语法知识。
3、 文明根底。
4、 语感。
看来要满意这四个条件,需得:
1、 一本朗文或牛津或韦伯斯特或科林斯,收词量更要在二十万以上;
2、 一本Quirk的《归纳英语语法》,或至少是张道真或薄冰的《有用英语语法》;
3、 一套《大英百科全书》;
4、 一位英语博士随侍左右。
☆转载声明: 各位同行和网友们,欢迎转载或引用在本站的文章,敬请标注原文出自辛达托福代报网!
其他文章推荐
辛达代报名网站编辑部