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       雅思阅览近义词变换一、词的变换

　　1. 相同词性的同义替换：

　　相同词性的同义替换一般指的是只触及单个单词的变换。单个单词的变换包含词性变换及近义词变换。其间词性变换是相对简略的一种，词汇量可观的考生天然能够挥洒自如，轻松应对;即便不知道被变换了的单词的考生，也能够经过词根词缀以及上下文进行猜测。

　　例如：

　　Example 1:

　　One of the brain’smost difficult tasks is to

　　A. react to their ownthoughts

　　B. helped createlanguage in humans

　　C. respond instantlyto whatever is happening

　　题干中的中心信息most difficult应该在读题的进程中被考生捕捉到，在定位时应充沛考虑到被代换的可能性;别的备考时练习充沛有素的考生还会考虑到语句结构的全体顺序的不同。这样，当定位到原文的对应信息句：

　　Making a rapidemotional assessment of the events of the moment is an extremely demanding jobfor the brain, animal or human.

　　考生应该能够敏锐地发现extremelydemanding是most difficult的代换，由此断定该句所表达的意思是正确答案，在list中搜索正确的选项时，语句中的内容被再一次代换，其间原文中 rapidemotional assessment of the events被代换为respond instantly towhatever is happening, 至此，答案为C。

　　Example 2:

　　It has been suggestedthat children hold mistaken views about the 'pure' science that they study atschool. 依据'pure'定位到文中第二段榜首行Manystudies have shown that children harbour misconceptions about 'pure' science,curriculum science. 短短一句话咱们能够发现有三组四处同义替换，分别为suggested-shown;hold-harbour; mistaken views-misconceptions; science that they study atschool-curriculum science. 因而答案为TRUE。

　　Example 3:

　　Some people maybelieve that the teacher- subjects’ behavior could be explained as a positivesurvival mechanism.

　　能够看出句中positive和survival是关键词，由句中呈现的survivalmechanism可判别为是从生物视点来议论的，又由于原文的F段首句：One’sfirst inclination might be to argue that there are must be some sort of built inanimal aggression instinct that … 中提到了相关内容，所以定位到该段。敏捷扫描，搜索和两个关键词对应的信息，除了在该段第六行呈现了原词重现的survival, 还在上一行呈现了advantageous, 显然是positive的代换。由于原文跟标题中的信息符合，所以答案是TRUE。

2. 不同词性的同义替换：

　　不同词性同义代换望文生义，就是在代换时不受词性的约束，比方：obvious换成clearly; similar换成resemble等。

　　Example 1:

　　Despite substantialfunding, results (of this program) have been disappointing.

　　代换为：This program failedalthough they received sufficient funding.

　　由于把disappointing换成了failed, “although”代换了“inspite of”, 经过词的代换就会很天然的完成英文中发起的句式多样性。

　　雅思阅览近义词变换二、词组的变换

　　词组的变换一般状况下是近义词变换的一个衍生。当一个词无法用另一个近义词到位地解说时，可能会呈现用词组解说的状况。别的假如自身就是词组的方式，那么一般来讲还是会用词组的方式进行解说。

　　例如：

　　Example 1:

　　原文：Computers are gainingin popularity, despite their cost.

　　标题：Computers are morepopular than they used to be.

　　原文傍边的gaining in popularity标题顶用morepopular than they used to be作为替换。两者在意思上归于完全一致的同义变换，因而答案为TRUE。

　　Example 2:

　　原文：Biologically, aspecies becomes extinct when its last individual dies.

　　标题：In biological terms,a species is said to be extinct when only one individual exists.

　　原文傍边的biologically用标题的inbiological terms作为替换。Become则由issaid to be作为替换。可是原文傍边的die在标题中变成了exist, 直接相反的意思。介于最终这一处的变换与原文信息不符，能够判别出此题答案是FALSE。

　　Example 3:

　　There were severalreasons for the research into plastics in the nineteenth century, among themthe great advances that had been made in the field of _____and the search foralternatives to natural resources like ivory.

　　解析：依据nineteenth century定位到文中第二段......Theimpetus behind the development of these early plastics was generated by anumber of factors- immense technological progress in the domain ofchemistry,.......其间，in the field of意思等同于inthe domain of“在....范畴”，因而答案为chemistry。

　　In recent years, manyof them have been obliged to give up their _____ lifestyle, but they continueto depend mainly on _____ for their food and clothes.

　　解析：依据上下文定位到文中 Overthe past 40 years, most have abandoned their nomadic ways and settled in theterritory's 18 isolated communities, but they still rely heavily on nature toprovide food and clothing. 由于大多数同学都知道abandon, 更知道giveup是“抛弃”的意思，归于单词与词组的替换，因而榜首个空填nomadic,lifestyle“生活方式”与ways替换，dependmainly on与rely heavily on归于词组与词组的替换，意为“依靠......”，答案为nature。

　　综上所述，近义词替换在雅思阅览中的重要作用清楚明了。提醒广阔考生在平常必定要注意多堆集，比方在背单词的时分，就不能只满足于记住单词自身，还应该多想想这个单词有什么同义、近义词，以及词组的代换，这样在雅思阅览中就能取得好的成果。